Product Description: knob-associated histidine-rich protein
SignalP Peptide: N/A
# Transmembrane Domains: 0
EC Numbers: None
Curated GO (PlasmoDB):
| Type | GO Term | Name |
|---|---|---|
| Component | GO:0020036 | Maurer's cleft |
| Component | GO:0005737 | cytoplasm |
| Component | GO:1903561 | extracellular vesicle |
| Component | GO:0020030 | infected host cell surface knob |
| Component | GO:0005634 | nucleus |
| Function | GO:0003723 | RNA binding |
| Function | GO:0003779 | actin binding |
| Function | GO:0005515 | protein binding |
| Process | GO:0020035 | cytoadherence to microvasculature, mediated by symbiont protein |
Expression by stage (LR - Le Roch et al., and MCA - Malaria Cell Atlas):
| Stage | LR class | MCA mean | MCA prop. zeros |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sporozoite | expressed | N/A | N/A |
| Ring | expressed | 2.48 | 0.34 |
| Trophozoite | expressed | 2.80 | 0.09 |
| Schizont | expressed | 1.04 | 0.53 |
| Gametocyte | possibly expressed | 0.46 | 0.82 |
More info:
Old (Pf3D7v3) Gene ID: PF3D7_0202000
Resistome Missense Mutations: None
Resistome Compounds with Missense Mutations: None
Resistome # Samples with Disruptive Mutations: 0 (0 missense, 0 "interesting" missense)
Zhang Phenotype: Non - Mutable in CDS *tentative
MIS: 1 | MFS: -1.359 | #Insertions: 0
PlasmoGEM Phenotype: N/A
RMgmDB ABS Phenotype: N/A
More info: PhenoPlasm Link
AlphaFill Uniprot ID: P13817
"Best" AlphaFill ligand hit: No AlphaFill hits
No associated EC numbersNo evidence of orthology to BindingDB entries
MalariaGEN Pf7 (worldwide samples) # unique SNV/indels:
No passing variants found
PlasmoDB Total SNPs: 175
Non-coding: 116 | Synonymous: 42 | Nonsynonymous: 17 | Stop Codon: 0
Protein Length: 654 | Molecular Weight (kDa): 71.303
UniProt ID(s): A0A1B1H1K5, E1ANN5, E1ANN7, E1ANN8, E1ANP0, E1ANP1, E1ANP2, E1ANP4, E1ANP7, P13817, Q9GZ06, Q9NC64, Q9TY99, Q9UAS8, Q9XYS9, Q9XYT0, Q9XYT1
PDB ID(s): None
Isoelectric Point: 9.62
Protein Domain Annotations:
| Source | Family ID | Description |
|---|---|---|
| InterPro | IPR040805 | EMP3/KAHRP, N-terminal |
| PFam | PF17986 | EMP3/KAHRP, N-terminal |
| Superfamily | N/A | N/A |
| PMID | Title | Authors | DOI/Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9108483 | Targeted gene disruption shows that knobs enable malaria-infected red cells tocytoadhere under physiological shear stress. | Crabb BS, Cooke BM, ..., Cowman AF | 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80207-x |
| 9804551 | Chromosome 2 sequence of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. | Gardner MJ, Tettelin H, ..., Hoffman SL | 10.1126/science.282.5391.1126 |
| 12368864 | Genome sequence of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. | Gardner MJ, Hall N, ..., Barrell B | 10.1038/nature01097 |
| 16006556 | Structural and functional studies of interaction between Plasmodium falciparumknob-associated histidine-rich protein (KAHRP) and erythrocyte spectrin. | Pei X, An X, ..., Mohandas N | 10.1074/jbc.M505298200 |
| 16267556 | A protein interaction network of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. | LaCount DJ, Vignali M, ..., Hughes RE | 10.1038/nature04104 |
| 16507777 | The role of KAHRP domains in knob formation and cytoadherence of Pfalciparum-infected human erythrocytes. | Rug M, Prescott SW, ..., Cowman AF | 10.1182/blood-2005-11-4624 |
| 21594767 | Genetic polymorphism at the C-terminal domain (region III) of knob-associatedhistidine-rich protein (KAHRP) of Plasmodium falciparum in isolates from Iran. | Mardani A, Keshavarz H, ..., Khorramizadeh MR | 10.1007/s00436-011-2437-x |
| 21696460 | Genetic ablation of a Maurer's cleft protein prevents assembly of the Plasmodiumfalciparum virulence complex. | Dixon MW, Kenny S, ..., Tilley L | 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07740.x |
| 21860664 | Tetracysteine-based fluorescent tags to study protein localization andtrafficking in Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. | Crivat G, Tokumasu F, ..., Wellems TE | 10.1371/journal.pone.0022975 |
| 22970262 | An exported heat shock protein 40 associates with pathogenesis-related knobs inPlasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes. | Acharya P, Chaubey S, Grover M, Tatu U | 10.1371/journal.pone.0044605 |
| 24090929 | Interaction of Plasmodium falciparum knob-associated histidine-rich protein(KAHRP) with erythrocyte ankyrin R is required for its attachment to theerythrocyte membrane. | Weng H, Guo X, ..., An X | 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.09.014 |
| 24983468 | A Plasmodium falciparum PHIST protein binds the virulence factor PfEMP1 andcomigrates to knobs on the host cell surface. | Oberli A, Slater LM, ..., Vakonakis I | 10.1096/fj.14-256057 |
| 28806784 | Structural analysis of P. falciparum KAHRP and PfEMP1 complexes with hosterythrocyte spectrin suggests a model for cytoadherent knob protrusions. | Cutts EE, Laasch N, ..., Vakonakis I | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006552 |
| 28944300 | Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles from a Plasmodium falciparum Kenyanclinical isolate defines a core parasite secretome. | Abdi A, Yu L, ..., Rayner J | 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.11910.2 |
| 30379851 | Identification of Plasmodium falciparum nuclear proteins by mass spectrometry andproposed protein annotation. | Briquet S, Ourimi A, ..., Vaquero C | 10.1371/journal.pone.0205596 |
| 33906926 | Functional Characterization of the m(6)A-Dependent Translational Modulator PfYTH | Sinha A, Baumgarten S, ..., Scherf A | 10.1128/mBio.00661-21 |
| 34514656 | KAHRP dynamically relocalizes to remodeled actin junctions and associates withknob spirals in Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. | Sanchez CP, Patra P, ..., Lanzer M | 10.1111/mmi.14811 |
| 28981210 | Proteome and Structural Organization of the Knob Complex on the Surface of thePlasmodium Infected Red Blood Cell | Alampalli SV, Grover M, ..., Acharya P | 10.1002/prca.201600177 |
| 30279439 | Genetic conflicts with Plasmodium parasites and functional constraints shape theevolution of erythrocyte cytoskeletal proteins | Sironi M, Forni D, Clerici M, Cagliani R | 10.1038/s41598-018-33049-y |
| 37505649 | Knobs, Adhesion, and Severe Falciparum Malaria | Wiser MF | 10.3390/tropicalmed8070353 |
| 34614006 | Co-chaperone involvement in knob biogenesis implicates host-derived chaperones inmalaria virulence | Diehl M, Roling L, ..., Przyborski JM | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009969 |
| 25726759 | Dynamic association of PfEMP1 and KAHRP in knobs mediates cytoadherence duringPlasmodium invasion | Ganguly AK, Ranjan P, Kumar A, Bhavesh NS | 10.1038/srep08617 |
| 25342752 | Targeted disruption of a ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA)-likeexport protein gene in Plasmodium falciparum confers stable chondroitin 4-sulfatecytoadherence capacity | Goel S, Muthusamy A, ..., Gowda DC | 10.1074/jbc.M114.615393 |
| 35387278 | Genetic Diversity, Repeat Motifs, and Natural Selection at the C-TerminalKnob-Associated Histidine Rich Protein (KAHRP) of Plasmodium falciparum ClinicalSamples from Saudi Arabia | Bin Dajem SM, Ahmed MA, ..., Al-Qahtani AA | 10.1155/2022/3740889 |
| 35394995 | A particle-based computational model to analyse remodelling of the red blood cellcytoskeleton during malaria infections | Jager J, Patra P, ..., Schwarz US | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009509 |
| 34802442 | Safety, infectivity and immunogenicity of a genetically attenuated blood-stagemalaria vaccine | Webster R, Sekuloski S, ..., McCarthy JS | 10.1186/s12916-021-02150-x |
| 25850860 | The Plasmodium falciparum exportome contains non-canonical PEXEL/HT proteins | Schulze J, Kwiatkowski M, ..., Pick C | 10.1111/mmi.13024 |
| 30081913 | A bioreactor system for the manufacture of a genetically modified Plasmodiumfalciparum blood stage malaria cell bank for use in a clinical trial | Pawliw R, Farrow R, ..., Trenholme K | 10.1186/s12936-018-2435-x |
| 25108687 | Efficient CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing in Plasmodium falciparum | Wagner JC, Platt RJ, ..., Niles JC | 10.1038/nmeth.3063 |
| 26832821 | Export of malaria proteins requires co-translational processing of the PEXELmotif independent of phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate binding | Boddey JA, O'Neill MT, ..., Cowman AF | 10.1038/ncomms10470 |
| 30191063 | Genetic diversity at the C-terminal domain of knob-associated histidine-richprotein (KAHRP) of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Burundi, Eastern Africa | Mardani A, Ziaei Hezarjaribi H, ..., Claudete N | 10.1016/j.amsu.2018.08.016 |
| 26637786 | A spiral scaffold underlies cytoadherent knobs in Plasmodium falciparum-infectederythrocytes | Watermeyer JM, Hale VL, ..., Saibil HR | 10.1182/blood-2015-10-674002 |
| 26443460 | Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocyte knob density is linked to the PfEMP1variant expressed | Subramani R, Quadt K, ..., Barfod L | 10.1128/mBio.01456-15 |