About Gene List

PF3D7_1346700 (P48/45)

Genome location: Pf3D7_13_v3:1,875,452..1,878,087(-)

Genome classification: Core

Function and Localization

Product Description: 6-cysteine protein P48/45

SignalP Peptide: N/A

# Transmembrane Domains: 1

EC Numbers: None

Curated GO (PlasmoDB):

Type GO Term Name
Component GO:0020036 Maurer's cleft
Component GO:0046658 anchored component of plasma membrane
Component GO:0009986 cell surface
Component GO:0005886 plasma membrane
Function GO:0005515 protein binding

Expression by stage (LR - Le Roch et al., and MCA - Malaria Cell Atlas):

Stage LR class MCA mean MCA prop. zeros
Sporozoite not expressed N/A N/A
Ring possibly expressed 0.02 0.99
Trophozoite not expressed 0.02 0.99
Schizont not expressed 0.02 0.99
Gametocyte expressed 1.31 0.47

More info:

Resistome Mutations

Old (Pf3D7v3) Gene ID: PF3D7_1346700

Resistome Missense Mutations: None

Resistome Compounds with Missense Mutations: None

Resistome # Samples with Disruptive Mutations: 0 (0 missense, 0 "interesting" missense)

Essentiality (ABS)

Zhang Phenotype: Mutable in CDS

MIS: 1 | MFS: -1.876 | #Insertions: 3

PlasmoGEM Phenotype: Dispensable (Pb ortholog: PBANKA_1359700)

  • Relative Growth Rate: 0.98 ± 0.06
  • Confidence: 6.99

RMgmDB ABS Phenotype: Not different from wild type (Pb ortholog: PBANKA_1359600)

Modification: Mutated | RMgm-4522

More info: PhenoPlasm Link

Binding Evidence

AlphaFill Uniprot ID: Q8I6T1

"Best" AlphaFill ligand hit: UMP (2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate, Local RMSD=0.24) with 7S01 (Global RMSD=18.64)

No associated EC numbers

No evidence of orthology to BindingDB entries

Orthology Information

Ortholog Group (OrthoMCL): OG6_215372

No human ortholog(s)

Genetic Variation

MalariaGEN Pf7 (worldwide samples) # unique SNV/indels:

Homozygous genotype calls only

variant type common rare doubleton singleton
synonymous 2 20 14 32
disruptive 6 13 10 31
missense 6 13 10 30

Any inclusion in genotype call

variant type common rare doubleton singleton
synonymous 3 36 21 34
disruptive 9 34 36 73
missense 8 27 32 57

PlasmoDB Total SNPs: 57

Non-coding: 43 | Synonymous: 3 | Nonsynonymous: 11 | Stop Codon: 0

Protein Information

Protein Length: 448 | Molecular Weight (kDa): 51.486

UniProt ID(s): A0A5K1K917, Q26010, Q26011, Q8I6T1, Q8STH6, Q8TA11, Q8TA12, Q8TA15, Q8TA16, Q8TA17, Q8TA19, Q8TA20

PDB ID(s): 6E62, 6E63, 6H5N

Isoelectric Point: 6.19

Protein Domain Annotations:

Source Family ID Description
InterPro IPR010884 6-Cysteine (6-Cys) domain
PFam PF07422 6-Cysteine (6-Cys) domain
Superfamily N/A N/A

Associated Publications

PMID Title Authors DOI/Link
1380124 Further characterization of interactions between gamete surface antigens ofPlasmodium falciparum. Kumar N, Wizel B 10.1016/0166-6851(92)90013-a
11163248 A central role for P48/45 in malaria parasite male gamete fertility. van Dijk MR, Janse CJ, ..., Eling W 10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00199-4
12368864 Genome sequence of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Gardner MJ, Hall N, ..., Barrell B 10.1038/nature01097
12368867 Sequence of Plasmodium falciparum chromosomes 1, 3-9 and 13. Hall N, Pain A, ..., Barrell BG 10.1038/nature01095
16603573 Identification and stoichiometry of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchoredmembrane proteins of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Gilson PR, Nebl T, ..., Crabb BS 10.1074/mcp.M600035-MCP200
18332422 Correctly folded Pfs48/45 protein of Plasmodium falciparum elicits malariatransmission-blocking immunity in mice. Outchkourov NS, Roeffen W, ..., Stunnenberg HG https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18332422/
19623257 A potent malaria transmission blocking vaccine based on codon harmonized fulllength Pfs48/45 expressed in Escherichia coli. Chowdhury DR, Angov E, Kariuki T, Kumar N 10.1371/journal.pone.0006352
21124765 The dynamics of naturally acquired immune responses to Plasmodium falciparumsexual stage antigens Pfs230 & Pfs48/45 in a low endemic area in Tanzania. Bousema T, Roeffen W, ..., Drakeley C 10.1371/journal.pone.0014114
31631203 A network-based approach reveals novel invasion and Maurer's clefts-relatedproteins in Plasmodium falciparum. Das D, Krishnan SR, Roy A, Bulusu G 10.1039/c9mo00124g
30297725 The Plasmodium falciparum male gametocyte protein P230p, a paralog of P230, isvital for ookinete formation and mosquito transmission Marin-Mogollon C, van de Vegte-Bolmer M, ..., Khan SM 10.1038/s41598-018-33236-x
16103357 Genetically attenuated, P36p-deficient malarial sporozoites induce protectiveimmunity and apoptosis of infected liver cells van Dijk MR, Douradinha B, ..., Janse CJ 10.1073/pnas.0500925102
11738705 Comparative genomics in Plasmodium: a tool for the identification of genes andfunctional analysis Thompson J, Janse CJ, Waters AP 10.1016/s0166-6851(01)00377-2
35697275 Cyclic constrained immunoreactive peptides from crucial P. falciparum proteins:potential implications in malaria diagnostics Vashisht K, Srivastava S, ..., Pandey KC 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.06.008
27438603 Immunological Cross-Reactivity between Malaria Vaccine Target Antigen P48/45 inPlasmodium vivax and P. falciparum and Cross-Boosting of Immune Responses Cao Y, Bansal GP, Merino K, Kumar N 10.1371/journal.pone.0158212
25854886 Hybridization and pre-zygotic reproductive barriers in Plasmodium Ramiro RS, Khan SM, ..., Reece SE 10.1098/rspb.2014.3027
33940529 Structural and immunogenicity analysis of reconstructed ancestral and consensusP48/45 for cross-species anti malaria transmission-blocking vaccine Ramanto KN, Nurdiansyah R 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2021.107495
29325573 Genetic diversity of three surface protein genes in Plasmodium malariae fromthree Asian countries Srisutham S, Saralamba N, ..., Imwong M 10.1186/s12936-018-2176-x
26627683 Genetic diversity of transmission-blocking vaccine candidate Pvs48/45 inPlasmodium vivax populations in China Feng H, Gupta B, ..., Cui L 10.1186/s13071-015-1232-4
16824624 Pfs47, paralog of the male fertility factor Pfs48/45, is a female specificsurface protein in Plasmodium falciparum van Schaijk BC, van Dijk MR, ..., Sauerwein RW 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2006.05.015
20386715 Three members of the 6-cys protein family of Plasmodium play a role in gametefertility van Dijk MR, van Schaijk BC, ..., Janse CJ 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000853
34248932 Immunoreactivity of Sera From Low to Moderate Malaria-Endemic Areas AgainstPlasmodium vivax rPvs48/45 Proteins Produced in Escherichia coli and ChineseHamster Ovary Systems Arevalo-Herrera M, Miura K, ..., Herrera S 10.3389/fimmu.2021.634738
38289124 Transmission-reducing and -enhancing monoclonal antibodies against Plasmodiumvivax gamete surface protein Pvs48/45 Bansal GP, Araujo MdS, ..., Kumar N 10.1128/iai.00374-23
30181253 Functional Conservation of P48/45 Proteins in the Transmission Stages ofPlasmodium vivax (Human Malaria Parasite) and P. berghei (Murine MalariaParasite) Cao Y, Hart RJ, Bansal GP, Kumar N 10.1128/mBio.01627-18
16537837 Development and application of a positive-negative selectable marker system foruse in reverse genetics in Plasmodium Braks JA, Franke-Fayard B, ..., Waters AP 10.1093/nar/gnj033
30053393 Expression of full-length Plasmodium falciparum P48/45 in P. berghei bloodstages: A method to express and evaluate vaccine antigens Othman AS, Lin JW, ..., Khan SM 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2018.07.009